Science · Year 9

Lesson 1

Distinguish the central and peripheral nervous systems and explain how their divisions share the work of controlling the body.

⏱ 18 min · 8 questions

Lesson 2

Compare sensory, relay and motor neurons and explain how an impulse travels along an axon and across a synapse.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 3

Explain how reflexes protect the body and sequence each part of a reflex arc from stimulus to response.

⏱ 18 min · 9 questions

Lesson 4

Match the major regions of the brain to their functions and use them to explain real injuries and everyday situations.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 5

Explain how receptors detect stimuli and effectors respond, and identify each part of a stimulus–response pathway.

⏱ 18 min · 8 questions

Lesson 6

Identify the major glands and hormones and compare hormonal control with nervous control.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 7

Explain negative feedback and apply it to how the body keeps its core temperature close to 37 °C.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 8

Explain how insulin and glucagon keep blood glucose in range and compare what goes wrong in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

⏱ 20 min · 8 questions

Lesson 9

Distinguish bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites as causes of disease and identify how infectious diseases spread.

⏱ 18 min · 8 questions

Lesson 10

Explain the body's three lines of defence — barriers, white blood cells and antibodies — and sequence a specific immune response.

⏱ 20 min · 8 questions

Lesson 11

Explain how vaccines create memory cells without causing disease and how high vaccination rates protect a whole community.

⏱ 20 min · 9 questions

Lesson 12

Calculate means, medians and ranges, identify anomalies and draw justified conclusions from reaction-time data.

⏱ 20 min · 9 questions

Lesson 13

Explain how living and non-living factors interact, and use tolerance ranges and limiting factors to predict where organisms can survive.

⏱ 17 min · 8 questions

Lesson 14

Use the word and balanced symbol equations for photosynthesis and explain how light, carbon dioxide and temperature limit its rate.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 15

Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration as linked processes and explain how together they move carbon and energy through ecosystems.

⏱ 18 min · 8 questions

Lesson 16

Trace carbon through the atmosphere, living things, oceans and fossil fuels and identify the processes that move it between these stores.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 17

Explain how bacteria fix, recycle and release nitrogen, and sequence the stages of the nitrogen cycle.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 18

Construct pyramids of numbers, biomass and energy and calculate the efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 19

Interpret population growth and predator–prey graphs and explain the factors that limit population size.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 20

Examine how land clearing, pollution and introduced species disrupt matter and energy flows in Australian ecosystems.

⏱ 20 min · 8 questions

Lesson 21

Explore how Australian plants and ecosystems respond to fire, including First Nations cultural burning, and explain the ecological effects of different fire regimes.

⏱ 20 min · 8 questions

Lesson 22

Use quadrats and transects to estimate population size and distribution, and calculate estimates from sample data.

⏱ 19 min · 9 questions

Lesson 23

Describe trends and relationships in scatter and line graphs and decide how to treat anomalous results.

⏱ 18 min · 8 questions

Lesson 24

Evaluate an investigation's method by identifying random and systematic errors and suggesting specific, practical improvements.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 25

Trace how the model of the atom changed from Dalton to Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr as each new piece of evidence arrived.

⏱ 19 min · 9 questions

Lesson 26

Describe the location, charge and relative mass of protons, neutrons and electrons, and use them to explain the structure of an atom.

⏱ 18 min · 9 questions

Lesson 27

Use atomic number and mass number to calculate the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms and simple ions.

⏱ 17 min · 9 questions

Lesson 28

Explain isotopes as atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, identify them from notation and see why relative atomic masses are not whole numbers.

⏱ 18 min · 9 questions

Lesson 29

Compare alpha, beta and gamma radiation and interpret half-life graphs to predict how the activity of a radioisotope changes over time.

⏱ 20 min · 9 questions

Lesson 30

Explore how radioisotopes are used in medicine, industry and dating, including Australia's OPAL research reactor, and the safety principles that govern their use.

⏱ 19 min · 9 questions

Lesson 31

Explain why mass is conserved in chemical reactions because atoms are rearranged, not created or destroyed, and calculate missing masses.

⏱ 17 min · 9 questions

Lesson 32

Identify reactants and products in described reactions and write word equations using correct chemical names.

⏱ 16 min · 9 questions

Lesson 33

Balance simple chemical equations by counting atoms and adding coefficients so the same atoms appear on both sides.

⏱ 20 min · 9 questions

Lesson 34

Compare complete and incomplete combustion of fuels, write their word equations and explain the dangers of carbon monoxide and soot.

⏱ 18 min · 9 questions

Lesson 35

Predict and name the products when acids react with metals, bases and carbonates, and write word equations for these reactions.

⏱ 19 min · 9 questions

Lesson 36

Explain corrosion as an oxidation reaction between metals and their environment, and evaluate methods of preventing rust.

⏱ 19 min · 9 questions

Lesson 37

Follow how evidence from fossils, rocks and the sea floor turned Alfred Wegener's rejected idea of continental drift into the theory of plate tectonics.

⏱ 19 min · 9 questions

Lesson 38

Describe the structure of Earth from crust to inner core, and explain how mantle convection, slab pull and ridge push move tectonic plates.

⏱ 18 min · 8 questions

Lesson 39

Identify divergent, convergent and transform plate boundaries, and explain the landforms and hazards each one produces.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 40

Explain how earthquakes and tsunamis form at plate boundaries, and interpret magnitude scales and seismograph data.

⏱ 20 min · 8 questions

Lesson 41

Explain where and why magma forms, including at hotspots, and link the type of volcano and eruption to its plate setting.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 42

Use the particle model to explain conduction, convection and radiation, and apply them to insulation, cooking and Australian homes.

⏱ 18 min · 8 questions

Lesson 43

Describe waves using wavelength, frequency, amplitude, period and speed, use the wave equation, and distinguish transverse from longitudinal waves.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 44

Explain sound as a longitudinal wave, link pitch to frequency and loudness to amplitude, and calculate distances from echoes.

⏱ 18 min · 9 questions

Lesson 45

Apply the law of reflection, distinguish specular from diffuse reflection and draw ray diagrams to locate images in plane mirrors.

⏱ 18 min · 9 questions

Lesson 46

Explain how light changes speed and direction between media, use refractive index, and describe total internal reflection, dispersion and lenses.

⏱ 20 min · 8 questions

Lesson 47

Order the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum and match each type of radiation to its uses and hazards, including ionising radiation and UV safety.

⏱ 19 min · 8 questions

Lesson 48

Build claim–evidence–reasoning arguments from data and identify weaknesses such as small samples, cherry-picking and confusing correlation with causation.

⏱ 18 min · 8 questions